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Root Problems
by Nebula Haze
Table of Contents
Root Problem Symptoms (many different symptoms)
Cannabis Plants With Root Problems Show Many Symptoms
- Cannabis may appear overwatered or droopy
- Curling or cupping of leaves
- Wilting - either individual stems wilt or the whole plant may wilt
- Leaf yellowing
- Brown spots / Burnt spots
- Other strange nutrient problems
- Brown or slimy roots - this is often a sign of root rot
- Smelly runoff water (smells rotting or musty)
- Leaves may start dying and falling off rapidly
- Plants drink much less water than usual
The cannabis plant below did not have any drainage holes (water could not drain out the bottom of the pot). Notice the strange twisting of some of the leaves. When roots are left in stagnant water for too long, they cannt get enough oxygen and tend to develop root problems.
This particular type of cupping of the leaves below is common among cannabis plants with root problems. In this case, the plant had no drainage from the bottom of the solo cup, so water was just pooling at the bottom for the roots to sit in. Once the grower poked holes in the bottom of the cup, this problems went away (the cupped leaves didn't recover, but new leaves started growing in happy and healthy).
Sometimes leaves will tend to cup or curl down due to root problems, like the plant above, but sometimes the curl upwards too, like the poor plant below (this was caused by poor drainage and plant was overwatered, leading to a pretty severe case of root problems):
This next plant was also overwatered and had no drainage. Notice how dark the soil is and the green algae growing all along the top of the soil - these are more signs the plant has been overwatered for quite a while. You should never water your plant when the soil is still wet at the top, and if you notice lots of algae growing on top of your soil, it may be a sign that you're overwatering on a regular basis.
The grower of the next plant was going on vacation for a few days, so they chose to overwater their plant in hopes it would be enough water until they got back. While they were gone, they had a huge heat wave. So this plant was subjected to overwatering plus heat. A few days later, when the grower came back, they saw that the leaves were cuppping upwards and had turned lime green. The stems and veins of the leaves were turning red. You can see the soil is still dark and wet because the plant stopped drinking after developing root problems.
The plants below developed root rot in a hydroponic setup. This is usually triggered when the roots can't get enough oxygen, usually due to high temps or poor oxidation of the water. Notice the strange burnt appears on some of the bottom leaves. They turned almost white. The whole plant was drooping, especially towards the bottom. The roots turned brown (pictures below).
Root rot! No wonder the leaves were having so much trouble on top.
Learn How to Get Rid of Root Rot (common in hydroponic setups)
Possible Triggers For Root Problems
- Heat - cannabis is more likely to have root problems at higher temperatures
- Cold - cold roots are unhappy roots - cold shock can cause wilting and other problems
- Over-watering potted plants - too much watering tends to cause root problems
- No drainage hole at the bottom of the container - if water can't get out and water is sitting at the bottom of the pot, the roots can "drown"
- Muddy or thick soil - if your soil is muddy and thick instead of rich and fluffy, it may mean the soil doesn't hold enough oxygen to support your roots.
- Small plant in a big container - When a seedling (or small plant) is in a big container, it often has trouble getting enough oxygen at the roots. Until the plant has grown bigger and started to fill up the container, it's important to avoid overwatering. It can help to water just a little bit at a time, in a circle around the seedling, until it starts growing faster.
- Big plant in a small container - when roots overgrow their container the plant is considered "root-bound" and the plant often shows symptoms of root problems. When this happens the plant needs to be transferred into a larger container to stop the roots from being "choked."
- Hydroponics - Root problems are caused when there's not enough oxygen in the water, usually caused because it's either too hot or there isn't enough bubbles/aeration
Certain strains are more prone to root problems than others, but good root practices will allow every plant to thrive!
Step 1: Identify what may have caused the root problem (refer to list of possible triggers above)
Step 2: Address this underlying issue
- Happy temps - Make sure your grow area maintains a comfortable room temperature during the day, and is a few degrees cooler at night. Learn more about how temperature affects your cannabis plants.
- Only water your plants when they need it. How often should I water my potted cannabis plants?
- Make sure potted plants have plenty of drainage, and there must be drainage holes at the bottom. If soil or growing medium holds a lot of water, consider mixing in 1/3 to 1/2 extra perlite to "loosen things up" and improve drainage at the roots.
- Put plants in the right sized container to give the roots the best environment to spread out and grow
- Brown, smelly roots? Learn how to get rid of root rot
Step 3: (Optional) Provide your plant with a beneficial bacteria like Hydroguard to help roots recover quickly (more info about root supplements below). Hydroguard will help fight root rot by creating a colony of good organisms to outcompete the root rot.
Don't Use Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) for root problems! H2O2 is temporarily effective at best when it comes to root problems. By it's nature, even commercial grade H2O2 will be completely gone from a water reservoir after about 24 hours as it reacts with the water to form oxygen (decomposes) until the H2O2 is completely gone.
If H2O2 is added to a water source, it kills most of the bacteria in the water, including any good bacteria, but will not usually be able to kill all bacteria, so some bad bacteria will still be left to repopulate. Because of it's nature, hydrogen peroxide does absolutely nothing to fix the underlying issue that causes root problems, and it kills any postive bacteria in your soil or water so sometimes it can actually make things worse. I think of H2O2 as a temporary bandaid.
I personally recommend using a supplement called Botanicare Hydroguard for root problems because I've used it successfully to get rid of a terrible case of Root Rot
Note: Botanicare used to have an awesome root innoculant called Aquashield, but in our tests Hydroguard works even better to create healthier roots and get rid of root rot!
Hydroguard is also much cheaper than most other similar root treatments and is proven to work well at supporting root health in cannabis. Take a look at our root rot page to see pictures of how Hydroguard was able to completely cure a terrible case of root rot.
Other examples of beneficial root supplements include Piranha, VooDoo Juice, Great White (Great White has great reviews, yet is obscenely expensive), Subculture B, Rooters, and Plant Savers. Most of these can be used with both hydro and soil grows. I personally recommend Hydroguard because I've used it successfully to treat Root Rot (and it's also very affordably priced, you can use it throughout your grow without breaking the bank).
One important thing to note is that after you treat the cause of root problems, the old damaged leaves may never recover! With recovery, you should be looking for the problem to stop spreading, and for new leaves to be growing in green and healthy.
Jump to...
7 Tips to Growing Top Shelf Buds
What supplies do I need to start growing indoors (or upgrade)?
Pests, Bugs, and Cannabis Viruses
Enough of all the pics with sad or unhappy roots - before you go, here's a picture of healthy roots growing from a new clone!
Taken by awesome grower Merrie Jayne
